منابع مشابه
Subjunctive credences and semantic humility
In light of the chance that the plate will be saved by a sudden gust of hot air, what should we say about the truth conditions of the ordinary conditional (1b)? Some theories predict that (1b) is true. For instance, Lewis 1973b says that the plate being saved by friendly air currents is a remarkable low-probability event, and that worlds where such events happen are farther away than worlds whe...
متن کاملThe ‘potential’ optative in Homeric Greek
When translating the ‘potential’ Homeric Greek optative into English, ‘could’ is often the best modal verb to use, to be preferred to the more usual ‘would’. I will argue that, in some cases, this reveals that the optative expresses what is termed in the literature ‘dynamic’ modality. Examining several examples in more detail I will claim that the optative expresses a wide range of meanings, th...
متن کاملOptative Reasoning with Scenario Semantics
The scenario semantics of extended logic programs builds upon simple primitive notions and has been shown to encompass many important logic program semantics. Here we introduce into the scenario semantics paradigm a general exible notion of optative acceptance of acceptable hypotheses, and proceed to illustrate its application to fault diagnosis, taxonomic reasoning, and declarative logic progr...
متن کاملEvaluative subjunctive and nonveridicality
The study of grammatical mood has a long tradition in philology and linguistic semantics. Typologically, we find morphological distinctions such as indicative, subjunctive, optative, imperative. Focussing on the subjunctive versus indicative contrast, traditional grammars typically identify the indicative with realis and the subjunctive with irrealis, and describe the contrast in terms of selec...
متن کاملThe Subjunctive in That Complements
In this section we consider the distribution of the subjunctive and the indicative moods in English complement clauses and argue that the observed patterns can mostly be explained on semantic grounds. Traditional grammarians have long noticed that the opposition between the indicative and the subjunctive mood is semantic, each grammatical form being suitable in a coherent class of contexts. For...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Classical Review
سال: 1894
ISSN: 0009-840X,1464-3561
DOI: 10.1017/s0009840x00187840